{"id":4530,"date":"2026-06-14T19:31:10","date_gmt":"2026-06-14T19:31:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cloudsave.app\/?p=4530"},"modified":"2026-06-15T14:29:28","modified_gmt":"2026-06-15T14:29:28","slug":"%d8%a6%db%95%d8%b1%d8%b4%db%8c%da%a4%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%86%db%8c-wal-%d9%84%db%95-postgresql-%d9%87%db%95%da%b5%db%95-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%88%db%95%da%a9%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%88-%d9%85%db%95%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cloudsave.app\/ku\/knowledge-base\/%d8%a6%db%95%d8%b1%d8%b4%db%8c%da%a4%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%86%db%8c-wal-%d9%84%db%95-postgresql-%d9%87%db%95%da%b5%db%95-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%88%db%95%da%a9%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%88-%d9%85%db%95%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%b3\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc WAL \u0644\u06d5 PostgreSQL: \u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u06d5\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0628\u06c6 \u0628\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u0633 (DBAs) \u0648 \u0626\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc DevOps \u06a9\u06d5 PostgreSQL \u0644\u06d5 \u0698\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0647\u06d5\u0645\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627 (production) \u0628\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0628\u06d5\u0646\u060c \u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u06d5 \u0626\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062c\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u06b5\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 (RPO) \u06a9\u06d5 \u0646\u0632\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u06ce\u062a \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u06a9\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5. \u0644\u06d5 \u062f\u06b5\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u06af\u06d5\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648 (PITR) \u0644\u06d5 PostgreSQL\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0645\u06cc Write-Ahead Logging (WAL) \u0647\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5. \u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u062f\u0627 WAL \u062f\u06b5\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u06d5 \u067e\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u06d5 ACID \u0644\u06d5 \u0695\u06ce\u06af\u06d5\u06cc \u062a\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u06ce\u0634 \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u0631\u06ce\u0646\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc<\/em> WAL \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0645\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0644\u06c6\u06af\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc (backup) \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u06ce\u0698\u062e\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u067e\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u0632\u06ce\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0695\u0627\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u0634\u060c \u0695\u06ce\u06a9\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc WAL \u062a\u06d5\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 “\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0644\u06d5\u0628\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646”. \u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u0695\u06ce\u06a9\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u06ce\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u060c \u0648 \u062a\u06ce\u0646\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0644\u06d5 \u062a\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06ce\u062a \u0628\u0628\u06ce\u062a\u06d5 \u0647\u06c6\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06c6\u06cc “split-brain”\u060c \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u0633\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u06d5\u0648 \u0695\u06ce\u0628\u06d5\u0631\u06d5 \u062a\u06ce\u0631\u0648\u062a\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0644\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0626\u06ce\u0645\u06d5 \u062a\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc WAL \u0644\u06d5 PostgreSQL \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u06c6\u06b5\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u0646\u06d5 \u0647\u06c6\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u0632\u06d5 \u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a-\u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0647\u06d5\u0645\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u06c6 \u062f\u06b5\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u0633\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062a \u0628\u06d5\u0647\u06ce\u0632 \u062f\u06d5\u0645\u06ce\u0646\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u06ce\u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0644\u06d5 \u062a\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc WAL \u0644\u06d5 PostgreSQL<\/h2>\n

\u067e\u06ce\u0634 \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u0648 \u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0632\u06c6\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0646\u06af\u06d5 \u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u06d5 PostgreSQL \u0686\u06c6\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 \u0644\u06c6\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

PostgreSQL \u0647\u06d5\u0645\u0648\u0648 \u06af\u06c6\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u06ce\u062a\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc WAL (\u0628\u06d5 \u0634\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u06d5\u0695\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc 16 \u0645\u06ce\u06af\u0627\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0646) \u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u0648\u062e\u0686\u06d5\u06cc pg_wal<\/code> \u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646 (\u067e\u06ce\u0634\u062a\u0631 pg_xlog<\/code> \u0628\u0648\u0648 \u0644\u06d5 \u0648\u06d5\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u06ce\u0634 10). \u0647\u06d5\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9 \u0628\u06d5\u062f\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u06ce\u062a\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5 \u0698\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06cc \u0632\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0631\u06d5\u06cc \u0644\u06c6\u06af (LSN) \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\n

\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9 \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc WAL \u067e\u0695 \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u06ce\u062a\u060c PostgreSQL \u062f\u06d5\u06af\u06c6\u0695\u06ce\u062a \u0628\u06c6 \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u06ce. \u0628\u06c6 \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0695\u06ce\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u06a9\u0631\u06ce\u062a \u0644\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062e\u0686\u06d5\u06cc pg_wal<\/code> \u0628\u06d5 \u0628\u06ce \u06a9\u06c6\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0648\u0631\u06d5 \u0628\u0628\u06ce\u062a\u060c PostgreSQL \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06d5 \u06a9\u06c6\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc WAL \u062f\u0648\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u06cc\u0633\u0695\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9 \u0626\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u06c6 \u06af\u06d5\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0633\u0627\u062a \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u067e\u06ce\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc WAL<\/strong> \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u067e\u0631\u06c6\u0633\u06d5\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u067e\u0686\u0695\u06ce\u0646\u06ce\u062a. \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9 archive_mode<\/code> \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06a9 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u06ce\u062a\u060c PostgreSQL \u0641\u06d5\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u06d5\u0631 archive_command<\/code> \u062c\u06ce\u0628\u06d5\u062c\u06ce \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a (\u06cc\u0627\u0646 archive_library<\/code> \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u06ce\u062a \u0644\u06d5 PostgreSQL 15 \u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0648\u0698\u0648\u0648\u0631) \u0628\u06c6 \u06a9\u06c6\u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0648\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06cc WAL \u0628\u06c6 \u0634\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0648 \u0648 \u0644\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u067e\u06ce\u0634 \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u0695\u062f\u0631\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u0631\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u06c6 \u0626\u06d5\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648 (PITR)\u060c \u067e\u06ce\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u062a \u0628\u06d5 \u062f\u0648\u0648 \u067e\u06ce\u06a9\u0647\u0627\u062a\u06d5 \u0647\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5:
\n1. \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u06d5\u0695\u06d5\u062a\u06cc (base backup) \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a.
\n2. \u0632\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0631\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u067e\u0686\u0695\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc WAL\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648 \u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0628\u0646\u06d5\u0695\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u062a\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062c\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0632\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0631\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06cc WAL \u0628\u067e\u0686\u0695\u06ce\u062a\u060c PITR\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062a \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u062f\u06d5\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u06ce\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0695\u06ce\u06a9\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc WAL \u0628\u06c6 \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0647\u06d5\u0645\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/h2>\n

\u0628\u06c6 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06a9\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc WAL\u060c \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u06ce\u062a \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06cc postgresql.conf<\/code>\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062a \u0628\u06af\u06c6\u0695\u06cc\u062a. \u0695\u06ce\u06a9\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u06d5\u0695\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u06ce\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u06d5 \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc wal_level<\/code>\u060c \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06a9\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc archive_mode<\/code>\u060c \u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc archive_command<\/code> \u0647\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5.<\/p>\n

# postgresql.conf\nwal_level = replica             # 'replica' \u06cc\u0627\u0646 'logical' \u067e\u06ce\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\narchive_mode = on               # \u067e\u0631\u06c6\u0633\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u06d5\u0631 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06a9 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a\narchive_command = 'test ! -f \/mnt\/nfs\/archive\/%f && cp %p \/mnt\/nfs\/archive\/%f'\narchive_timeout = 600           # \u0646\u0627\u0686\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u06af\u06c6\u0695\u06cc\u0646\u06cc WAL \u0647\u06d5\u0631 10 \u062e\u0648\u0644\u06d5\u06a9 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u06a9\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0644\u06d5 archive_command<\/code>\u062f\u0627:
\n* %p<\/code> \u0646\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0695\u06ce\u0695\u06d5\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06cc WAL \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06c6 \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646.
\n* %f<\/code> \u0646\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06cc WAL \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n
\u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u062f\u0627 \u0695\u06ce\u06a9\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u06d5 \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u060c \u067e\u0634\u062a \u0628\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u06d5 \u0641\u06d5\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u06cc \u0634\u06ce\u06b5 \u0644\u06d5 \u0698\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u06c6\u0645\u067e\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06d5\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0648\u0631\u06d5 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n
\u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06d5 \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc WAL<\/h2>\n
\u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06cc 1: “\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u06ce\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u06af”\u06cc archive_command<\/code><\/h3>\n
PostgreSQL \u0628\u06d5 \u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a \u0628\u06d5 \u06a9\u06c6\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc archive_command<\/code> \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u06ce\u062a. \u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 \u0641\u06d5\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 0<\/code> \u0628\u06af\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0646\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u060c PostgreSQL \u0648\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u06ce\u062a \u06a9\u06d5 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06cc WAL \u0628\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4 \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u0648 \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06d5 \u062f\u0648\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d5 \u0695\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5.<\/p>\n
\u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0641\u06d5\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06ce\u06a9\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 0<\/code> \u062f\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0646\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u062a\u06d5\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u062a \u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u06af\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0628\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u06a9\u06c6\u06af\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc. \u0628\u06c6 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06d5\u060c \u0641\u06d5\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u06cc cp<\/code> \u0695\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u0628\u06d5\u062c\u06ce \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0695\u0627\u0628\u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u0646\u06ce\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u06a9\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u06af\u0627\u062a\u06d5 cache\u06cc OS \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u06ce\u0631\u06a4\u06d5\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06d5\u0628\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627. \u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 \u0633\u06ce\u0631\u06a4\u06d5\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06d5\u0628\u06d5\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0628\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0628\u0695\u06ce\u062a \u067e\u06ce\u0634 \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc cache\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u0631\u06ce\u062a\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u0633\u06a9\u060c \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06cc WAL \u0644\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a \u062f\u06d5\u0686\u06ce\u062a\u060c \u0628\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u0645 PostgreSQL \u06a9\u06c6\u067e\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u062e\u06c6\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc \u062e\u06c6\u06cc \u0633\u0695\u06cc\u0648\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\n
\u0645\u06d5\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5:<\/strong> \u067e\u0686\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0632\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0631\u06d5\u06cc WAL \u0648 \u0646\u06d5\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc PITR\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u062a\u06d5\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0633\u0627\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u06ce\u062a.<\/p>\n
\u0686\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631:<\/strong> \u062f\u06b5\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 \u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u062a (synchronous) \u062c\u06ce\u0628\u06d5\u062c\u06ce \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a. \u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 \u0641\u06d5\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u06cc \u0634\u06ce\u06b5 \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0626\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 \u062f\u06b5\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0646 \u0644\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u062f\u06d5\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u0631\u06ce\u062a\u060c \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0648\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u06ce\u0695 (wrapper) \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 \u0642\u06d5\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 checksum\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u0695\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\n
\u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06cc 2: \u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u06cc pg_wal<\/code> (WAL Bloat)<\/h3>\n
\u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 archive_command<\/code> \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u06ce\u062a (\u06a9\u06c6\u062f\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0646\u0627-\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0646\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5)\u2014\u0628\u06d5\u0647\u06c6\u06cc \u067e\u0686\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u06c6\u0695\u060c \u0645\u06c6\u06b5\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u060c \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0695\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0633\u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u06d5\u0628\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u2014PostgreSQL \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06cc WAL \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u0648\u062e\u0686\u06d5\u06cc pg_wal<\/code>\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u06d5\u0647\u06ce\u06b5\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u06d5\u0648\u06b5\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0641\u06d5\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n
\u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u062f\u0627 \u0626\u06d5\u0645\u06d5 \u0695\u06ce\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc WAL\u06d5 \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0695\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u0628\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06d5\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0648\u0631\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a. \u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062e\u0686\u06d5\u06cc pg_wal<\/code> \u0644\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u06ce\u06a9 \u0628\u06ce\u062a \u06a9\u06d5 100% \u067e\u0695 \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u06ce\u062a\u060c PostgreSQL \u0641\u06d5\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc PANIC<\/code> \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u06ce\u062a. \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u0633\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u062a\u0627 \u0634\u0648\u06ce\u0646 \u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\n
\u0645\u06d5\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5:<\/strong> \u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u0633\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0647\u06c6\u06cc \u067e\u0695\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u06cc pg_wal<\/code>.<\/p>\n
\u0686\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631:<\/strong>
\n1. \u0647\u06d5\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u06d5 pg_wal<\/code> \u0644\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u06d5\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0633\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0628\u0646\u06ce.
\n2. \u0686\u0627\u0648\u062f\u06ce\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0628\u06c6 \u0642\u06d5\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062e\u0686\u06d5\u06cc pg_wal<\/code> \u062c\u06ce\u0628\u06d5\u062c\u06ce \u0628\u06a9\u06d5.
\n3. \u0686\u0627\u0648\u062f\u06ce\u0631\u06cc \u0695\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc pg_stat_archiver<\/code> \u0628\u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u0628\u06d5\u062c\u06ce\u06cc \u0641\u06d5\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4.<\/p>\n
\u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06cc 3: \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0628\u0646\u06d5\u0695\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646<\/h3>\n
\u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u06d5\u0695\u06d5\u062a\u06cc (base backup) \u0628\u06ce \u0633\u0648\u0648\u062f\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0628\u06ce \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc WAL \u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06cc<\/em> \u067e\u0631\u06c6\u0633\u06d5\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u0646. \u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 \u0648\u06ce\u0646\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062a\u06cc (snapshot) \u0644\u06d5 \u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0645 \u0628\u06af\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06cc\u0627\u0646 pg_basebackup<\/code> \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u06d5\u0628\u06ce \u067e\u06d5\u062e\u0634\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc WAL\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 (-X stream<\/code>)\u060c \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u06ce\u062a \u062f\u06b5\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u06d5 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc WAL \u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u0646\u06ce\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u067e\u06ce\u06a9 \u0648 \u06a9\u06c6\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u06ce\u0646.<\/p>\n
\u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06d5 \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u062f\u06d5\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u06ce\u062a\u060c \u0648 \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d5 \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc WAL \u0644\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a \u062f\u06d5\u0686\u0646\u060c \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0628\u0646\u06d5\u0695\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0631\u06ce\u062a \u0628\u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u0646\u0631\u06ce\u062a\u06d5 \u062f\u06c6\u062e\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06af\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0648.<\/p>\n
\u0645\u06d5\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5:<\/strong> \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0628\u0646\u06d5\u0695\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u0686\u0648\u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n
\u0686\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631:<\/strong> pg_basebackup -X stream<\/code> \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d5 \u067e\u06ce\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc WAL \u0644\u06d5\u0646\u0627\u0648 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062f\u0627 \u0647\u06d5\u0628\u0646\u060c \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5 \u0634\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0626\u06c6\u062a\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u06cc\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0646\u06ce\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0628\u0646\u06d5\u0695\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc WAL \u0628\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0628\u06d5\u0646.<\/p>\n
\u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06cc 4: \u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u06d5\u06b5\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u0698\u0645\u06ce\u0631 (Timeline) \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06c6\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc Split-Brain<\/h3>\n
\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9 \u0633\u06ce\u0631\u06a4\u06d5\u0631\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc (standby) \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u06ce\u062a \u0628\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc\u060c PostgreSQL “\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u0698\u0645\u06ce\u0631” (Timeline ID) \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a (\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06cc WAL\u060c \u0628\u06c6 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06d5 0000000200000001000000A4<\/code>). \u0626\u06d5\u0645\u06d5 \u0695\u06ce\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0644\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0646\u0648\u06ce\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u0645\u06ce\u0698\u0648\u0648\u06cc WAL\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u06a9\u06c6\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u0633\u0695\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\n
\u0628\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u06a9\u06c6\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5 \u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06ce \u0628\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0628\u06ce \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u06d5 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0628\u0695\u06ce\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0628\u06ce\u062a (\u0633\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06c6\u06cc split-brain)\u060c \u0695\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u06d5 \u0647\u06d5\u0648\u06b5 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc WAL \u0628\u0646\u06ce\u0631\u06ce\u062a \u0628\u06c6 \u0647\u06d5\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4 \u0628\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u0698\u0645\u06ce\u0631\u06d5 \u06a9\u06c6\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5. \u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 archive_command<\/code>\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062a \u0628\u06d5 \u06a9\u0648\u06ce\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u0695\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u06d5 \u06a9\u06c6\u06af\u0627\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062a \u062a\u06ce\u06a9 \u0628\u062f\u06d5\u06cc\u062a.<\/p>\n
\u0645\u06d5\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5:<\/strong> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc WAL\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0648\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06cc \u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u0686\u0648\u0648\u060c \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\n
\u0686\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631:<\/strong> archive_command<\/code>\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0628\u06ce\u062a \u0647\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u06cc\u0632<\/em> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u0628\u0648\u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5. \u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u0695\u06ce\u06a9\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06d5 \u0628\u0646\u06d5\u0695\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc \u067e\u06ce\u0634\u0648\u0648\u060c \u0626\u06ce\u0645\u06d5 test ! -f \/mnt\/nfs\/archive\/%f<\/code>\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u06c6 \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u06d5 \u0695\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u067e\u06ce\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0647\u06d5\u0628\u0648\u0648.<\/p>\n
\u06a9\u06d5\u0645\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0645\u06d5\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627: \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u0632\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0647\u06d5\u0645\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/h2>\n
\u0628\u06c6 \u0628\u06d5\u0647\u06ce\u0632\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0698\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc PostgreSQL\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062a\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u062c\u06ce\u0628\u06d5\u062c\u06ce \u0628\u06a9\u06d5.<\/p>\n
1. \u0686\u0627\u0648\u062f\u06ce\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u06c6\u0633\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u06d5\u0631 \u0628\u06d5 \u0634\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0634\u062a\u06cc<\/h3>\n
PostgreSQL \u0695\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u062e\u06c6\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u060c pg_stat_archiver<\/code>\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u062a\u0646 \u0648 \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u06c6\u0633\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062a \u062a\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a. \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u06ce\u062a \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0695\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5\u0646\u0627\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0645\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u0648\u062f\u06ce\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0627 (\u0648\u06d5\u06a9 Prometheus\u060c Datadog\u060c \u06cc\u0627\u0646 Zabbix) \u062c\u06ce\u06af\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc\u062a.<\/p>\n
SELECT \n    archived_count,\n    last_archived_wal,\n    last_archived_time,\n    failed_count,\n    last_failed_wal,\n    last_failed_time,\n    stats_reset\nFROM pg_stat_archiver;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u06af\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u0695\u06ce\u06a9\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0646:<\/strong>
\n* \u0626\u0627\u06af\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06a9\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 failed_count<\/code> \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0648.
\n* \u0626\u0627\u06af\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06a9\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 \u062c\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0646\u06ce\u0648\u0627\u0646 now()<\/code> \u0648 last_archived_time<\/code> \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0631\u06cc RPO\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0648 (\u0628\u06c6 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06d5 15 \u062e\u0648\u0644\u06d5\u06a9)\u060c \u0644\u06d5\u0628\u06cc\u0631\u062a \u0628\u06ce\u062a \u06a9\u06d5 \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u0633\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5\u0645-\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0686\u06c6\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0695\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5 \u0634\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0627\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u062a\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u06d5\u0628\u06ce\u062a \u0645\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 archive_timeout<\/code> \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0628\u06ce\u062a.<\/p>\n
2. \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06cc archive_timeout<\/code><\/h3>\n
\u0644\u06d5 \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u0633\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u06d5 \u0642\u06d5\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d5\u0645\u06d5\u060c \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06cc WAL\u06cc 16 \u0645\u06ce\u06af\u0627\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0695\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u0698\u0645\u06ce\u0631\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u067e\u06ce \u0628\u0686\u06ce\u062a \u062a\u0627 \u067e\u0695 \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u06ce\u062a. \u062a\u0627 \u067e\u0695 \u0646\u06d5\u0628\u06ce\u062a\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4 \u0646\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u06ce\u062a. \u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 \u0633\u06ce\u0631\u06a4\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u06ce\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u0633\u06a9\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u062e\u06c6\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0686\u06ce\u062a\u060c \u062a\u06c6 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u0698\u0645\u06ce\u0631\u06ce\u06a9 \u0644\u06d5 \u0645\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a \u062f\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u06cc\u062a.<\/p>\n
\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06cc archive_timeout = 600<\/code> (10 \u062e\u0648\u0644\u06d5\u06a9) PostgreSQL \u0646\u0627\u0686\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06af\u06c6\u0695\u06ce\u062a \u0628\u06c6 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06cc WAL\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u06ce \u0648 \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u06ce\u0633\u062a\u0627 \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4 \u0628\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u06d5\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u062a \u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 \u067e\u0695\u06cc\u0634 \u0646\u06d5\u0628\u06ce\u062a. \u0626\u06d5\u0645\u06d5 \u062f\u06b5\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06d5 RPO\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062a \u0644\u06d5 10 \u062e\u0648\u0644\u06d5\u06a9 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u06ce\u062a\u060c \u0628\u06d5 \u0646\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u06d5\u0645\u06ce\u06a9 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u06c6\u06af\u0627 \u0628\u06d5\u0647\u06c6\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc WAL\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u067e\u0695\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648.<\/p>\n
3. \u06af\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 archive_library<\/code> (PostgreSQL 15+)<\/h3>\n
\u0644\u06d5 \u0695\u0627\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u062f\u0627\u060c archive_command<\/code> \u067e\u0631\u06c6\u0633\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u06ce\u06cc \u0634\u06ce\u06b5\u06cc \u0628\u06c6 \u0647\u06d5\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc WAL \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u0648\u06d5. \u0644\u06d5 \u0698\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u06cc \u062e\u06ce\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc-\u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0632\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06cc WAL \u0644\u06d5 \u062e\u0648\u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u06ce\u06a9\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u06c6\u0633\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u06ce\u06b5 \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u06ce\u062a\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0628\u06d5\u0633\u062a \u0628\u06c6 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc.<\/p>\n
PostgreSQL 15 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u062a\u0631\u06cc archive_library<\/code>\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u0695\u06ce\u06af\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc WAL \u0644\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0646 \u0645\u06c6\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc C \u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5 \u0634\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u0628\u0628\u0631\u06ce\u062a. \u0626\u06d5\u0645\u06d5 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u06cc \u0634\u06ce\u06b5-\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0644\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0645\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0632\u06c6\u0631 \u0628\u06d5\u0647\u06ce\u0632\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u062e\u06ce\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a. \u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631 \u0644\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631 PostgreSQL 15 \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0648\u0698\u0648\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0628\u06d5\u062f\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0632\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u06af\u06d5\u0695\u06ce \u06a9\u06d5 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u0645\u06c6\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0646.<\/p>\n
4. \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0642\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648 (PITR)<\/h3>\n
\u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9 \u06a9\u06d5 \u062a\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0628\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u061b \u0626\u0627\u0648\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u06d5. \u062a\u0627\u06a9\u06d5 \u0695\u06ce\u06af\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u0695\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc WAL\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062a \u0628\u06d5 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0632\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0631\u06d5\u06cc WAL\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062a \u0646\u06d5\u067e\u0686\u0695\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u0648 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0628\u0646\u06d5\u0695\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u062a \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06af\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0642\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0626\u06c6\u062a\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc PITR\u06d5.<\/p>\n
\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0628\u0645\u06d5\u0632\u0631\u06ce\u0646\u06d5\u060c \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0628\u0646\u06d5\u0695\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06af\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u060c restore_command<\/code> \u0695\u06ce\u06a9\u0628\u062e\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u0695\u0627\u06a9\u06ce\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u0644\u06d5 \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u0648 \u0628\u06af\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648. \u062f\u06b5\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u0633\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u06af\u0627\u062a\u06d5 \u062f\u06c6\u062e\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06af\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0648 \u0648 \u0628\u06c6 \u067e\u06d5\u06cc\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\n
\u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u06af\u06d5\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 CloudSave<\/h2>\n
\u0628\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a\u06cc \u0634\u06ce\u06b5\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a \u0628\u06c6 archive_command<\/code>\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 \u062f\u0648\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5 \u0646\u06d5\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc WAL (deduplication)\u060c \u0648 \u062f\u06b5\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u06c6\u06af\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0648 \u0648 \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u06c6 \u0644\u06c6\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06ce\u062a \u0628\u06d5 \u062e\u06ce\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0628\u06ce\u062a\u06d5 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06af\u06ce\u0695\u06cc \u0628\u06c6 \u062a\u06cc\u0645\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc IT.<\/p>\n
\u0626\u06d5\u0645\u06d5 \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0634\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 CloudSave \u0628\u06d5\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0648\u0631\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u0698\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc PostgreSQL\u06cc \u06a9\u06c6\u0645\u067e\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a. CloudSave \u0695\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u062e\u06c6 \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 API\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc WAL\u06cc PostgreSQL \u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u06d5\u06b5 \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u06ce\u062a \u0628\u06c6 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\n
\u0644\u06d5 \u062c\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc bash\u060c CloudSave \u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u06d5\u06b5\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0647\u06ce\u0632 \u0648 \u067e\u0634\u062a \u0628\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0648 \u0628\u06d5 \u0626\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0632 (agent-based) \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06ce \u0626\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06d5:
\n* \u062f\u06b5\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646:<\/strong> \u0641\u06d5\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u06ce\u06b5 \u062f\u06d5\u06af\u06c6\u0695\u06ce\u062a \u0628\u06d5 \u06af\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u0695\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648 \u0648 checksum-validated \u0628\u06c6 \u06a9\u06c6\u06af\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u06d5\u0648\u0631\u06cc.
\n* \u0695\u06ce\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 WAL Bloat:<\/strong> \u0628\u06d5 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06a9\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u0648\u062f\u06ce\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062e\u0686\u06d5\u06cc pg_wal<\/code> \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0626\u0627\u06af\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0632\u06c6\u0631 \u067e\u06ce\u0634 \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0634\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u067e\u0695 \u0628\u0628\u06ce\u062a.
\n* \u0626\u06c6\u062a\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc PITR:<\/strong> \u06af\u06d5\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648 \u0626\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0644\u06d5 \u0695\u06ce\u06af\u06d5\u06cc \u0695\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5. \u062a\u06c6 \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u062e\u0648\u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06ce\u062a \u0628\u06c6\u06cc \u0628\u06af\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u06cc\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0648 CloudSave \u0628\u06d5 \u0634\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0626\u06c6\u062a\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0628\u0646\u06d5\u0695\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u06ce\u062a \u0648 \u0632\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0631\u06d5\u06cc \u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc WAL \u06a9\u06d5 \u067e\u06ce\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u06c6 \u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u06d5\u0648 \u062f\u06c6\u062e\u06d5 \u067e\u06d5\u062e\u0634 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a.
\n* \u0628\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u0698\u0645\u06ce\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646:<\/strong> \u0628\u06d5 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u06ce\u0698\u0648\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u0698\u0645\u06ce\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc PostgreSQL \u0628\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062f\u06b5\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06d5 failover \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06c6\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc split-brain \u06a9\u06c6\u06af\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u062a \u062a\u06ce\u06a9 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u0646.<\/p>\n
\u0628\u06d5 \u0633\u067e\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u06a9\u06d5 \u0642\u0648\u0631\u0633\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc WAL \u0628\u06d5 CloudSave\u060c \u0628\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u06d5\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 (query optimization) \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u0633 \u0628\u06ce\u062a\u060c \u0628\u06d5\u0648 \u0632\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u06d5 SLA\u06cc RPO \u0648 RTO\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0646 \u067e\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u06c6\u0631\u0645\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a-\u067e\u06cc\u0634\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\n
\u06a9\u06c6\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/h2>\n
\u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc WAL \u0644\u06d5 PostgreSQL \u0628\u0695\u0628\u0695\u06d5\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0633\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u0633\u06d5. \u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u062f\u0627 \u0686\u06d5\u0645\u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u06c6\u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06ce\u06a9 \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u0648\u062e\u0686\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u06d5 \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u060c \u062d\u0627\u06b5\u06d5\u062a\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u06af\u0645\u06d5\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u2014\u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u06ce\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u060c \u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0633\u06a9\u060c \u0648 \u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u0698\u0645\u06ce\u0631\u2014\u0645\u06d5\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0648\u0631\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06af\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0646.<\/p>\n
\u0628\u06d5 \u062a\u06ce\u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0644\u06d5 \u062a\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc pg_wal<\/code>\u060c \u0628\u06d5 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062e\u06c6\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06d5 \u0695\u06ce\u06a9\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0648\u06ce\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u06d5\u0631\u06cc archive_command<\/code>\u060c \u0686\u0627\u0648\u062f\u06ce\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc pg_stat_archiver<\/code>\u060c \u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u06c6\u0631\u0645\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 CloudSave\u060c \u062f\u06d5\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0698\u06ce\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0647\u06ce\u0632\u06cc PostgreSQL \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0628\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u06d5 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u06d5\u06af\u0631\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0695\u06d5\u0642\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u06b5\u0627\u060c \u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u06c6\u06cc\u06cc\u060c \u0648 \u0644\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u0628\u06ce\u062a \u0628\u06d5\u0628\u06ce \u0644\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u06d5\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u062a \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9 \u0645\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648.<\/p>\n
\n
\u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u06d5 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u06a4\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc WAL \u0644\u06d5 PostgreSQL \u0628\u062f\u06c6\u0632\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u0646\u06d5 \u0647\u06c6\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627. \u0641\u06ce\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u06cc\u0632\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc DBA\u060c \u0626\u0627\u0645\u06c6\u0698\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0695\u06ce\u06a9\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0646\u060c \u0648 \u0686\u06c6\u0646\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u06b5\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u06d5 \u06af\u06d5\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u067e\u06ce\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648 \u0628\u06c6 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648 (PITR) \u0628\u06c6 \u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u0633\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u06c6\u0645\u067e\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u06d5.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
**<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_title":"PostgreSQL WAL Archiving: Pitfalls & Data Loss Risks","rank_math_description":"**","rank_math_focus_keyword":"postgresql wal archiving","footnotes":""},"categories":[527],"tags":[528,1018,531,532,533,534,3236],"class_list":["post-4530","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database-backup","tag-data-loss-prevention","tag-database-administration","tag-pitr","tag-point-in-time-recovery","tag-postgresql","tag-rpo","tag-wal-archiving"],"yoast_head":"\nPostgreSQL WAL Archiving: Pitfalls & Data Loss Risks<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"**\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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