{"id":4503,"date":"2026-06-14T19:31:10","date_gmt":"2026-06-14T19:31:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cloudsave.app\/?p=4503"},"modified":"2026-06-14T19:39:22","modified_gmt":"2026-06-14T19:39:22","slug":"postgresql-wal-arxivl%c9%99nm%c9%99si-%c3%bcmumi-s%c9%99hvl%c9%99r-v%c9%99-m%c9%99lumat-i-tkisi-riskl%c9%99ri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cloudsave.app\/az\/knowledge-base\/postgresql-wal-arxivl%c9%99nm%c9%99si-%c3%bcmumi-s%c9%99hvl%c9%99r-v%c9%99-m%c9%99lumat-i-tkisi-riskl%c9%99ri\/","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL WAL Arxivl\u0259nm\u0259si: \u00dcmumi S\u0259hvl\u0259r v\u0259 M\u0259lumat \u0130tkisi Riskl\u0259ri"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u0259hsuldar m\u00fchitd\u0259 PostgreSQL-i idar\u0259 ed\u0259n veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazas\u0131 administratorlar\u0131 (DBA-lar) v\u0259 DevOps m\u00fch\u0259ndisl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn s\u0131f\u0131ra yax\u0131n B\u0259rpa N\u00f6qt\u0259si M\u0259qs\u0259din\u0259 (RPO) nail olmaq \u0259sas v\u0259zif\u0259dir. PostgreSQL-in f\u0259lak\u0259td\u0259n b\u0259rpa v\u0259 M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n Vaxta B\u0259rpa (PITR) imkanlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 Yaz\u0131dan \u018fvv\u0259l Jurnallama (WAL) dayan\u0131r. WAL, tranzaksiyalar\u0131 m\u0259lumat fayllar\u0131na yaz\u0131lmazdan \u0259vv\u0259l qeyd ed\u0259r\u0259k ACID uy\u011funlu\u011funu t\u0259min ets\u0259 d\u0259, WAL arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259<\/em> bu jurnallar\u0131 uzunm\u00fcdd\u0259tli ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259 v\u0259 replikasiya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qoruyan mexanizmdir.<\/p>\n

Bununla bel\u0259, WAL arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259ni konfiqurasiya etm\u0259k “qura\u015fd\u0131r v\u0259 unut” tipli bir \u0259m\u0259liyyat deyil. Yanl\u0131\u015f konfiqurasiyalar, gizli nasazl\u0131qlar v\u0259 arxitektura il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmazl\u0131qlar f\u0259lak\u0259tli m\u0259lumat itkisin\u0259, “split-brain” ssenaril\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259 ya tam veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazas\u0131 k\u0259silm\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Bu \u0259hat\u0259li b\u0259l\u0259d\u00e7id\u0259 biz PostgreSQL WAL arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 arxitekturas\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131racaq, m\u0259lumat itkisin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olan \u0259n \u00e7ox yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131qlar\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n ed\u0259c\u0259k v\u0259 veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazan\u0131z\u0131n dayan\u0131ql\u0131 qalmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istehsal s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259ri n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7ir\u0259c\u0259yik.<\/p>\n

PostgreSQL WAL Arxitekturas\u0131n\u0131 Anlamaq<\/h2>\n

\u00c7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131qlara ke\u00e7m\u0259zd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l, PostgreSQL-in tranzaksiya jurnallar\u0131n\u0131 nec\u0259 idar\u0259 etdiyini ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259k \u00e7ox vacibdir.<\/p>\n

PostgreSQL b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259ri pg_wal<\/code> qovlu\u011funda (10-dan \u0259vv\u0259lki versiyalarda pg_xlog<\/code>) yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n WAL seqmentl\u0259rin\u0259 (standart olaraq 16MB fayllar) yaz\u0131r. H\u0259r bir tranzaksiya ard\u0131c\u0131l olaraq qeyd olunur v\u0259 Jurnal Ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q N\u00f6mr\u0259si (LSN) il\u0259 i\u015far\u0259l\u0259nir.<\/p>\n

WAL seqmenti dolduqda, PostgreSQL yenisin\u0259 ke\u00e7ir. pg_wal<\/code> qovlu\u011funun sonsuz b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259sinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn PostgreSQL q\u0259za b\u0259rpas\u0131 v\u0259 ya replikasiya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn art\u0131q laz\u0131m olmayan k\u00f6hn\u0259 WAL seqmentl\u0259rini t\u0259krar emal edir v\u0259 ya silir.<\/p>\n

WAL Arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259<\/strong> bu t\u0259krar emal prosesin\u0259 m\u00fcdaxil\u0259 edir. archive_mode<\/code> aktiv olduqda, PostgreSQL tamamlanm\u0131\u015f WAL seqmentini silinm\u0259zd\u0259n v\u0259 ya \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 yaz\u0131lmazdan \u0259vv\u0259l t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz, ikinci d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259li bir yer\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259\u00e7i t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilmi\u015f archive_command<\/code>-\u0131 icra edir (v\u0259 ya PostgreSQL 15+-d\u0259 archive_library<\/code>-d\u0259n istifad\u0259 edir).<\/p>\n

M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n Vaxta B\u0259rpa (PITR) h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn iki komponent\u0259 ehtiyac\u0131n\u0131z var:
\n1. Etibarl\u0131 baza ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259si.
\n2. Baza ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259sind\u0259n h\u0259d\u0259f b\u0259rpa vaxt\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r arxivl\u0259nmi\u015f WAL fayllar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0259silm\u0259z z\u0259nciri.<\/p>\n

\u018fg\u0259r h\u0259min WAL z\u0259nciri q\u0131r\u0131larsa, PITR prosesiniz u\u011fursuz olacaq.<\/p>\n

\u0130stehsal \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn WAL Arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259nin Konfiqurasiyas\u0131<\/h2>\n

WAL arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259ni aktivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn postgresql.conf<\/code> fayl\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fdirm\u0259lisiniz. \u018fsas konfiqurasiya wal_level<\/code>-in t\u0259yin edilm\u0259sini, archive_mode<\/code>-un aktivl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sini v\u0259 archive_command<\/code>-\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilm\u0259sini t\u0259l\u0259b edir.<\/p>\n

# postgresql.conf\nwal_level = replica             # arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 'replica' v\u0259 ya 'logical' t\u0259l\u0259b olunur\narchive_mode = on               # arxivl\u0259\u015fdirici prosesi aktivl\u0259\u015fdirir\narchive_command = 'test ! -f \/mnt\/nfs\/archive\/%f && cp %p \/mnt\/nfs\/archive\/%f'\narchive_timeout = 600           # h\u0259r 10 d\u0259qiq\u0259d\u0259n bir WAL ke\u00e7idini m\u0259cbur edin\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
archive_command<\/code>-da:
\n* %p<\/code> arxivl\u0259n\u0259c\u0259k WAL fayl\u0131n\u0131n tam yolunu t\u0259msil edir.
\n* %f<\/code> WAL fayl\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259msil edir.<\/p>\n
Yuxar\u0131dak\u0131 konfiqurasiya sad\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcns\u0259 d\u0259, m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259 m\u00fchitl\u0259rind\u0259 sad\u0259 shell \u0259mrl\u0259rin\u0259 etibar etm\u0259k ciddi riskl\u0259r yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
WAL Arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259d\u0259 \u00dcmumi \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131qlar<\/h2>\n
\u00c7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131q 1: archive_command<\/code>-\u0131n “S\u0259ssiz U\u011furu”<\/h3>\n
PostgreSQL tamamil\u0259 archive_command<\/code>-\u0131n \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f koduna g\u00fcv\u0259nir. \u018fg\u0259r \u0259mr 0<\/code> qaytararsa, PostgreSQL WAL fayl\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz arxivl\u0259ndiyini g\u00fcman edir v\u0259 orijinal fayl\u0131 t\u0259krar emal etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00dcmumi bir s\u0259hv, m\u0259lumatlar davaml\u0131 yadda\u015fa etibarl\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 yaz\u0131lmasa bel\u0259 0<\/code> qaytaran bir \u0259mrd\u0259n istifad\u0259 etm\u0259kdir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, sad\u0259 cp<\/code> \u0259mri m\u0259lumatlar t\u0259yinat serverind\u0259ki OS s\u0259hif\u0259 ke\u015fin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n kimi u\u011fur qaytara bil\u0259r. \u018fg\u0259r t\u0259yinat serveri ke\u015f disk\u0259 yaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fdan \u0259vv\u0259l enerjini itir\u0259rs\u0259, WAL fayl\u0131 itirilir, lakin PostgreSQL art\u0131q \u00f6z yerli n\u00fcsx\u0259sini silmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n
Risk:<\/strong> Q\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f WAL z\u0259nciri v\u0259 yaln\u0131z f\u0259lak\u0259td\u0259n b\u0259rpa ssenarisi zaman\u0131 a\u015fkar edil\u0259n PITR-i h\u0259yata ke\u00e7ir\u0259 bilm\u0259m\u0259k.<\/p>\n
Azald\u0131lma:<\/strong> Arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 skriptinizin sinxron yaz\u0131lar\u0131 m\u0259cbur etdiyin\u0259 \u0259min olun. \u018fg\u0259r standart shell \u0259mrl\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 edirsinizs\u0259, m\u0259lumat\u0131n disk\u0259 yaz\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min ed\u0259n al\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 edin v\u0259 ya k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrm\u0259d\u0259n sonra fayl \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc v\u0259 checksum-u yoxlayan bir wrapper skripti yaz\u0131n.<\/p>\n
\u00c7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131q 2: pg_wal<\/code> B\u00f6lm\u0259sinin T\u00fck\u0259nm\u0259si (WAL \u015ei\u015fm\u0259si)<\/h3>\n
\u018fg\u0259r archive_command<\/code> u\u011fursuz olarsa (s\u0131f\u0131rdan f\u0259rqli \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f kodu qaytararsa)\u2014\u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 k\u0259silm\u0259l\u0259ri, yanl\u0131\u015f icaz\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 ya dolu t\u0259yinat diski s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n\u2014PostgreSQL WAL fayl\u0131n\u0131 pg_wal<\/code> qovlu\u011funda saxlayacaq v\u0259 \u0259mri qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u00fcdd\u0259t\u0259 yenid\u0259n c\u0259hd ed\u0259c\u0259k.<\/p>\n
Bu, arxivl\u0259nm\u0259mi\u015f WAL-lar\u0131 silm\u0259m\u0259kl\u0259 m\u0259lumat itkisinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 alsa da, ciddi bir \u0259l\u00e7atanl\u0131q riski yarad\u0131r. \u018fg\u0259r pg_wal<\/code> qovlu\u011fu 100%-\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r dolan bir b\u00f6lm\u0259d\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015firs\u0259, PostgreSQL PANIC<\/code> siqnal\u0131 ver\u0259c\u0259k v\u0259 dayanacaq. Veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazas\u0131 yer bo\u015fald\u0131lana q\u0259d\u0259r yenid\u0259n ba\u015flamayacaq.<\/p>\n
Risk:<\/strong> Tam pg_wal<\/code> b\u00f6lm\u0259si s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazas\u0131n\u0131n tamamil\u0259 dayanmas\u0131.<\/p>\n
Azald\u0131lma:<\/strong>
\n1. pg_wal<\/code>-\u0131 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 x\u00fcsusi disk b\u00f6lm\u0259sind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdirin.
\n2. pg_wal<\/code> qovlu\u011funun \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u0259 ciddi monitorinq t\u0259tbiq edin.
\n3. U\u011fursuz arxiv \u0259mrl\u0259rini d\u0259rhal a\u015fkar etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn pg_stat_archiver<\/code> g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc izl\u0259yin.<\/p>\n
\u00c7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131q 3: Natamam Baza Ehtiyat N\u00fcsx\u0259l\u0259ri<\/h3>\n
Baza ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259si, ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259 prosesi zaman\u0131<\/em> yarad\u0131lan WAL fayllar\u0131 olmadan yarars\u0131zd\u0131r. \u018fg\u0259r fayl sistemi s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 snapshot g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fczs\u0259 v\u0259 ya WAL-lar\u0131 yay\u0131mlamadan (-X stream<\/code>) pg_basebackup<\/code> istifad\u0259 edirsinizs\u0259, ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259nin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131 v\u0259 sonu aras\u0131nda yarad\u0131lan WAL fayllar\u0131n\u0131n u\u011furla arxivl\u0259ndiyin\u0259 \u0259min olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n
\u018fg\u0259r arxivl\u0259\u015fdiriciniz gecikirs\u0259 v\u0259 ya u\u011fursuz olursa v\u0259 h\u0259min x\u00fcsusi WAL fayllar\u0131 itiril\u0259rs\u0259, baza ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259si ard\u0131c\u0131l v\u0259ziyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259tiril\u0259 bilm\u0259z.<\/p>\n
Risk:<\/strong> Korlanm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 ya b\u0259rpa olunmaz baza ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259l\u0259ri.<\/p>\n
Azald\u0131lma:<\/strong> Laz\u0131mi WAL fayllar\u0131n\u0131 ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259nin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 daxil etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn pg_basebackup -X stream<\/code> istifad\u0259 edin v\u0259 ya baza ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 WAL seqmentl\u0259ri aras\u0131ndak\u0131 as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 avtomatik idar\u0259 ed\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259 ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259 h\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 edin.<\/p>\n
\u00c7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131q 4: Zaman \u00c7izelgesi Qar\u0131\u015f\u0131ql\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 “Split-Brain” Ssenaril\u0259ri<\/h3>\n
Standby serveri \u0259sas (primary) server\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259ldildikd\u0259, PostgreSQL “Zaman \u00c7izelgesi ID-sini” (WAL fayl ad\u0131n\u0131n ilk hiss\u0259si, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, 0000000200000001000000A4<\/code>) art\u0131r\u0131r. Bu, yeni \u0259sas serverin k\u00f6hn\u0259 \u0259sas serverin WAL tarix\u00e7\u0259sinin \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 yazmas\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bununla bel\u0259, \u0259g\u0259r k\u00f6hn\u0259 \u0259sas server d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ayr\u0131lmadan (fencing) t\u0259sad\u00fcf\u0259n ba\u015flad\u0131larsa (“split-brain” ssenarisi), o, k\u00f6hn\u0259 zaman \u00e7izelgesind\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k eyni arxiv yerin\u0259 WAL fayllar\u0131 g\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259y\u0259 c\u0259hd ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. \u018fg\u0259r archive_command<\/code>-\u0131n\u0131z kor-koran\u0259 fayllar\u0131n \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 yaz\u0131rsa, arxiv anbar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 korlaya bil\u0259rsiniz.<\/p>\n
Risk:<\/strong> \u00dcz\u0259rin\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f WAL fayllar\u0131, korlanm\u0131\u015f arxivl\u0259r v\u0259 b\u0259rpa olunmaz veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazalar\u0131.<\/p>\n
Azald\u0131lma:<\/strong> archive_command<\/code>-\u0131n\u0131z m\u00f6vcud fayl\u0131n \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 he\u00e7 vaxt<\/em> yazmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \u018fvv\u0259lki \u0259sas konfiqurasiyada fayl art\u0131q m\u00f6vcud olduqda a\u00e7\u0131q \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 u\u011fursuz olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn test ! -f \/mnt\/nfs\/archive\/%f<\/code> istifad\u0259 etdiyimiz\u0259 diqq\u0259t yetirin.<\/p>\n
M\u0259lumat \u0130tkisi Riskl\u0259rinin Azald\u0131lmas\u0131: \u0130stehsal \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u018fn Yax\u015f\u0131 T\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259r<\/h2>\n
PostgreSQL arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 strategiyan\u0131z\u0131 g\u00fccl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259tbiq edin.<\/p>\n
1. Arxivl\u0259\u015fdirici Prosesi Yerli \u015e\u0259kild\u0259 \u0130zl\u0259yin<\/h3>\n
PostgreSQL, arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 prosesinizin u\u011fur v\u0259 u\u011fursuzluqlar\u0131n\u0131 izl\u0259y\u0259n daxili pg_stat_archiver<\/code> g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259qdim edir. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fc m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 y\u0131\u011fman\u0131za (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Prometheus, Datadog v\u0259 ya Zabbix) inteqrasiya etm\u0259lisiniz.<\/p>\n
SELECT \n    archived_count,\n    last_archived_wal,\n    last_archived_time,\n    failed_count,\n    last_failed_wal,\n    last_failed_time,\n    stats_reset\nFROM pg_stat_archiver;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Konfiqurasiya edil\u0259c\u0259k x\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131q h\u0259dl\u0259ri:<\/strong>
\n* failed_count<\/code> artarsa x\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131q edin.
\n* now()<\/code> v\u0259 last_archived_time<\/code> aras\u0131ndak\u0131 vaxt f\u0259rqi RPO h\u0259ddinizi (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, 15 d\u0259qiq\u0259) a\u015farsa x\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131q edin, unutmay\u0131n ki, archive_timeout<\/code> t\u0259yin olunmad\u0131qda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 trafikli veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazalar\u0131nda t\u0259bii gecikm\u0259l\u0259r ola bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n
2. archive_timeout<\/code>-dan istifad\u0259 edin<\/h3>\n
A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yazma h\u0259cmi olan veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazalar\u0131nda 16MB-l\u0131q WAL fayl\u0131n\u0131n dolmas\u0131 saatlar \u00e7\u0259k\u0259 bil\u0259r. Dolana q\u0259d\u0259r o, arxivl\u0259nmir. \u018fg\u0259r server q\u0259zaya u\u011frayarsa v\u0259 yerli disk it\u0259rs\u0259, siz saatlarla tranzaksiyan\u0131 itirirsiniz.<\/p>\n
archive_timeout = 600<\/code> (10 d\u0259qiq\u0259) t\u0259yin etm\u0259k, PostgreSQL-i tam dolmasa bel\u0259 yeni WAL fayl\u0131na ke\u00e7m\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 cari fayl\u0131 arxivl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur edir. Bu, qism\u0259n dolmu\u015f WAL fayllar\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n bir q\u0259d\u0259r y\u00fcks\u0259k yadda\u015f istifad\u0259si bahas\u0131na, RPO-nuzun 10 d\u0259qiq\u0259ni a\u015fmamas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min edir.<\/p>\n
3. archive_library<\/code>-y\u0259 ke\u00e7id (PostgreSQL 15+)<\/h3>\n
Tarix\u0259n, archive_command<\/code> h\u0259r bir WAL fayl\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yeni bir shell prosesi yarad\u0131rd\u0131. D\u0259qiq\u0259d\u0259 y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 WAL fayl\u0131 yaradan y\u00fcks\u0259k \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc m\u00fchitl\u0259rd\u0259, shell prosesl\u0259rinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 (forking) performans\u0131 l\u0259ngid\u0259n bir amil\u0259 \u00e7evrilir.<\/p>\n
PostgreSQL 15, WAL arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259nin dinamik y\u00fckl\u0259n\u0259n C modullar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n idar\u0259 olunmas\u0131na imkan ver\u0259n archive_library<\/code> parametrini t\u0259qdim etdi. Bu, shell-forking y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc aradan qald\u0131r\u0131r v\u0259 daha m\u00f6hk\u0259m, y\u00fcks\u0259k performansl\u0131 arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 mexanizmi t\u0259min edir. \u018fg\u0259r PostgreSQL 15 v\u0259 ya daha y\u00fcks\u0259k versiyadas\u0131n\u0131zsa, x\u00fcsusi arxiv modullar\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259y\u0259n ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259 al\u0259tl\u0259rini axtar\u0131n.<\/p>\n
4. M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n Vaxta B\u0259rpan\u0131 (PITR) Daimi S\u0131naqdan Ke\u00e7irin<\/h3>\n
S\u0131naqdan ke\u00e7irilm\u0259mi\u015f ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259, ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259 deyil; bu bir arzudur. WAL arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259nizin d\u00fczg\u00fcn i\u015fl\u0259diyini, WAL z\u0259ncirinizin q\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 baza ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259l\u0259rinizin ard\u0131c\u0131l oldu\u011funu yoxlama\u011f\u0131n yegan\u0259 yolu m\u00fcnt\u0259z\u0259m, avtomatla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f PITR testl\u0259ri aparmaqd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
M\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti bir instansiya yarad\u0131n, baza ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259sini b\u0259rpa edin, arxivd\u0259n \u00e7\u0259km\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn restore_command<\/code>-\u0131 konfiqurasiya edin v\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir zaman dam\u011fas\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r b\u0259rpa edin. Veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131c\u0131l v\u0259ziyy\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 ba\u011flant\u0131lar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yoxlay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
CloudSave il\u0259 M\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259 Ehtiyat N\u00fcsx\u0259si v\u0259 B\u0259rpa<\/h2>\n
archive_command<\/code> \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn x\u00fcsusi shell skriptl\u0259rini idar\u0259 etm\u0259k, WAL deduplikasiyas\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259k v\u0259 tranzaksiya jurnallar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz, ofisd\u0259n k\u0259nar yadda\u015f\u0131 t\u0259min etm\u0259k \u0130T komandalar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn tez bir zamanda \u0259m\u0259liyyat y\u00fck\u00fcn\u0259 \u00e7evril\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n
CloudSave-in m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259 PostgreSQL m\u00fchitl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259y\u0259r t\u0259min etdiyi yer budur. CloudSave, yuxar\u0131da m\u00fczakir\u0259 olunan \u0259l il\u0259 edil\u0259n \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131qlar\u0131 aradan qald\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn PostgreSQL-in yerli ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259 v\u0259 WAL arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 API-l\u0259ri il\u0259 birba\u015fa inteqrasiya olunur.<\/p>\n
K\u00f6vr\u0259k bash skriptl\u0259ri yazmaq \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259, CloudSave a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131lar\u0131 t\u0259min ed\u0259n m\u00f6hk\u0259m, agent \u0259sasl\u0131 v\u0259 ya agentsiz inteqrasiya t\u0259klif edir:
\n* \u00c7atd\u0131r\u0131lma Z\u0259man\u0259ti:<\/strong> Standart shell \u0259mrl\u0259rini t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz ofisd\u0259n k\u0259nar v\u0259 ya bulud yadda\u015f\u0131na yoxlan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, checksum il\u0259 t\u0259sdiql\u0259nmi\u015f k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrm\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259v\u0259z edir.
\n* WAL \u015ei\u015fm\u0259sinin Qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 Al\u0131r:<\/strong> pg_wal<\/code> qovlu\u011funu aktiv \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 izl\u0259yir v\u0259 b\u00f6lm\u0259 t\u00fck\u0259nm\u0259mi\u015fd\u0259n \u00e7ox \u0259vv\u0259l administratorlara x\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131q edir.
\n* PITR-i Avtomatla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r:<\/strong> \u0130ntuitiv interfeys vasit\u0259sil\u0259 M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n Vaxta B\u0259rpan\u0131 sad\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirir. B\u0259rpa etm\u0259k ist\u0259diyiniz d\u0259qiq vaxt\u0131 se\u00e7irsiniz v\u0259 CloudSave avtomatik olaraq d\u00fczg\u00fcn baza ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259sini \u0259ld\u0259 edir v\u0259 h\u0259min v\u0259ziyy\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7atmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259l\u0259b olunan d\u0259qiq WAL fayllar\u0131 ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131mlay\u0131r.
\n* Zaman \u00c7izelg\u0259l\u0259rini \u0130dar\u0259 Edir:<\/strong> PostgreSQL zaman \u00e7izelgesi tarix\u00e7\u0259l\u0259rini a\u011f\u0131ll\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 idar\u0259 edir, failover v\u0259 “split-brain” ssenaril\u0259rinin ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259 anbar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 korlamamas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min edir.<\/p>\n
WAL idar\u0259etm\u0259sinin a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc CloudSave-\u0259 h\u0259val\u0259 etm\u0259kl\u0259, DBA-lar RPO v\u0259 RTO SLA-lar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259 s\u0259viyy\u0259li platforma t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n qorundu\u011funu bil\u0259r\u0259k, sor\u011fu optimalla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na v\u0259 veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazas\u0131 performans\u0131na diqq\u0259t yetir\u0259 bil\u0259rl\u0259r.<\/p>\n
N\u0259tic\u0259<\/h2>\n
PostgreSQL WAL arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259, veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazas\u0131n\u0131n f\u0259lak\u0259td\u0259n b\u0259rpas\u0131n\u0131n onur\u011fa s\u00fctunudur. Bir fayl\u0131 bir qovluqdan dig\u0259rin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrm\u0259k konsepsiyas\u0131 sad\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcns\u0259 d\u0259, k\u0259nar hallar\u2014gizli nasazl\u0131qlar, disk t\u00fck\u0259nm\u0259si v\u0259 zaman \u00e7izelgesi ayr\u0131lmas\u0131\u2014m\u0259lumat b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fcy\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ciddi riskl\u0259r yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
pg_wal<\/code> arxitekturas\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u0259r\u0259k, da\u011f\u0131d\u0131c\u0131 archive_command<\/code> konfiqurasiyalar\u0131ndan ciddi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 qa\u00e7araq, pg_stat_archiver<\/code>-i izl\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k v\u0259 CloudSave kimi m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259 ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259 platformalar\u0131ndan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k, aparat nasazl\u0131qlar\u0131na, insan s\u0259hvl\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259 f\u0259lak\u0259tli k\u0259silm\u0259l\u0259r\u0259\u2014bir d\u0259n\u0259 d\u0259 olsun tranzaksiya itirm\u0259d\u0259n\u2014d\u00f6z\u0259 bil\u0259n dayan\u0131ql\u0131 PostgreSQL infrastrukturu qura bil\u0259rsiniz.<\/p>\n
\n
M\u0259lumat itkisin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olan PostgreSQL WAL arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259sinin \u00fcmumi \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0259\u015ff edin. DBA ekspertl\u0259rinin \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259rini, konfiqurasiya m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259rini v\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259 veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazalar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn etibarl\u0131 M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n Vaxta B\u0259rpan\u0131 (PITR) nec\u0259 t\u0259min ed\u0259c\u0259yinizi \u00f6yr\u0259nin.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
**<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_title":"PostgreSQL WAL Archiving: Pitfalls & Data Loss Risks","rank_math_description":"**","rank_math_focus_keyword":"postgresql wal archiving","footnotes":""},"categories":[311],"tags":[312,829,315,316,317,318,3209],"class_list":["post-4503","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database-backup","tag-data-loss-prevention","tag-database-administration","tag-pitr","tag-point-in-time-recovery","tag-postgresql","tag-rpo","tag-wal-archiving"],"yoast_head":"\nPostgreSQL WAL Archiving: Pitfalls & Data Loss Risks<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"**\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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